controlling parties, while a large percentage of subordinates under-provide effort despite pecuniary incentives to the contrary …

schemes designed to encourage either participation or volume. Our results confirm the importance of incentives in that we find …

tasks. We analyze the effects of the salience of incentives in a team production setting where the principal has an interest … incentive system without changing the incentive system. The results indicate that salience of incentives itself is statistically … and economically important for performance. We find that higher salience of incentives for quantity increases quantity …

We conduct a natural field experiment in a large retail chain to test basic predictions of tournament theory regarding … theory, we find that a more convex prize spread increases performance in the second round at the expense of first …

of incentives and when incentives can have “hidden costs”, i.e., a detrimental effect. We show experimentally that in all …'s behavior. Our finding contributes to the micro-foundation of psychological effects of incentives. …