. Conspicuous characteristics fulfilled many of the functions that patents, trademarks, and brand names do today. The words that … referred to products with conspicuous characteristics served as brand names in the Middle Ages. Data drawn from an array of …

Introduction: what have we learned about the problems of and prospects for disadvantaged youth? / Jonathan Gruber … -- Education : the behavioral consequences of pre-kindergarten participation for disadvantaged youth / David Figlio and Jeffrey … Berry Cullen and Brian A. Jacob -- Would more compulsory schooling help disadvantaged youth? : evidence from recent changes …

This study explores the effect of in-person schooling on youth suicide. We document three key findings. First, using … experience increases in teen suicides in August, while areas with schools starting in September don't see youth suicides rise … queries and the Youth Risk Behavior Survey suggests that bullying victimization may be an important mechanism …

The epidemic of youth violence in the United States peaked in 1993 and has been followed by a rapid, sustained drop. In … youth violence has been narrowly confined with respect to race, sex, and age, but not geography. Given the volatility in the …

decrease adult consumption by 3%-5%. A smaller literature on youth responsiveness to cigarette prices has also emerged. A … majority of these studies concluded that youth are up to three times as responsive to price as are adults. Only four … econometric studies have attempted to model youth and young adult smoking initiation decisions. All four studies concluded that …