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Despite prolonged economic growth, poverty has become a more notable and noted feature of Chinese society. The paper examines three phases of development since the foundation of the People’s Republic: the central planning era (1949 –1978); the pro-urban growth model (1978 – 1999); and more...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011126132
The concept of autonomous adaptation is widely used to describe spontaneous acts of reducing risks posed by resource scarcity and, increasingly, climate change. Critics, however, have claimed it is unproven, or simplifies the agency by which smallholders respond to risk. This paper presents...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011126259
This paper uses the Management and Employee Questionnaires from the 1998 Workplace Employee Relations Survey (WERS98) to consider whether the performance of workplaces which offer a range of family-friendly policies are superior to that of workplaces without such practices. It is found that in...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010745244
Women working part-time in the UK have hourly earnings that are on average 26 percent less than women working fulltime. Alan Manning and Barbara Petrongolo investigate what's behind this part-time pay penalty.
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010745868
In 2003, women working part-time in the UK earned, on average, 22% less than women working full-time. Compared to women who work FT, PT women are more likely to have low levels of education, to be in a couple, to have young and numerous children, to work in small establishments in distribution,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010746243
It has long been accepted that lack of social participation in wider society is one aspect or one definition of poverty. Current concerns with the extent and distribution of social capital as both a measure of a good society and as means to upward mobility also emphasise the importance of social...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011126675
social inequalities and to make recommendations for the development of a unified Commission for Equality and Human Rights …. This paper was originally written for the Review. It canvasses possible responses to the questions, ‘equality between whom …?’ and ‘equality of what?’. It argues that equality of outcome is intuitively appealing but risks ignoring variations in need …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011126710
In October 2007, a unified Commission on Equality and Human Rights (CEHR) will begin operation in Britain. The … Commission will have responsibility for monitoring and promoting human rights and equality on the grounds of gender, ethnicity … targets, and evaluate progress towards equality” (p.110). In particular, the Review recommended that the framework be used by …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011071284
international treaties regarding the principles of equality and non-discrimination. The paper, thus examines the proposition that … human rights norms regarding the principles of equality, non-discrimination and women’s rights. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005696713
We propose a new estimator for nonparametric regression based on local likelihood estimation using an estimated error score function obtained from the residuals of a preliminary nonparametric regression. We show that our estimator is asymptotically equivalent to the infeasible local maximum...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010745013