Why has the expansion of women's economic and political rights coincided with economic development? This paper … investigates this question, focusing on a key economic right for women: property rights. The basic hypothesis is that the process … their daughters. The model predicts that declining fertility would hasten reform of women's property rights whereas legal …

The conventional wisdom that Africa is not reducing poverty is wrong. Using the methodology of Pinkovskiy and Sala …-i-Martin (2009), we estimate income distributions, poverty rates, and inequality and welfare indices for African countries for the … period 1970-2006. We show that: (1) African poverty is falling and is falling rapidly; (2) if present trends continue, the …

better health care implies that mortality could be the source of a poverty trap. In our regressions, adult mortality explains …

Women enter retirement having spent fewer years in market work, earned less over their lifetimes, and worked in … many women end up with lower levels of retirement income in old age. We use the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), which … largely between nonmarried men and women. Multivariate models show that 85 percent of this retirement income gap can be …

Although women earn approximately 50 percent of science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) bachelor's degrees …, more than 70 percent of scientists and engineers are men. We explore a potential determinant of this STEM gender gap using …

Where social norms favor gender segregation, firms may find it costly to employ both men and women. If the costs of …

This paper reviews the literature on gender and culture. Gender gaps in various outcomes (competitiveness, labor force … the level of development, women's education, the expansion of the service sector, and discrimination. More recent … literature has argued that gender differences in a variety of outcomes could reflect underlying cultural values and beliefs. This …

sustainabilitly. This market and systems failure is discussed in this publication in terms of gender constraints, which are based on … the socially-constructed and historically developed roles of men and women. It also illuminates how female contributions … report is a contribution by the OECD to the UN Commission on Sustainable Development and its cross-cutting work on gender. …

Ichino and Moretti (2009) find that menstruation may contribute to gender gaps in absenteeism and earnings, based on …