history I've compiled from 1905 to 2023, 45% occurred between 1963 and 1973. The greatly increased employment of women, the …How, when, and why did women in the US obtain legal rights equal to men's regarding the workplace, marriage, family … right to vote? The story begins with the civil rights movement and the somewhat fortuitous nature of the early and key women …

evidence from the 1883 Pendleton Act, a landmark reform in American history which introduced competitive exams to select …

especially acute for women, who are more difficult to link because their surnames often change between childhood and adulthood … linking methods to produce a dataset with hundreds of millions of census-to-census links, nearly half of which are for women … sons and daughters. We find that for married men and women, the patterns of mobility over this period are remarkably …

life expectancy at birth is around four to six years (seven in Japan). But have women always lived so much longer than men … the ages of 5 and 25. Increased longevity of women, therefore, occurred as the burden of infectious disease fell for all …. Our explanation does not tell us why women live longer than men, but it does help understand the timing of the increase …

women's creativity within the nonmarket household sector and outside the patent system. The analysis distinguishes between … women, especially nonpatentees, were significantly more likely than men to be associated with innovations in consumer final … products or work outside the home pursued such improvements to benefit their families. The patterns suggest that framing women …

an increase in the median time to remarriage of 3.5 years. Among older women and women with children, this effect is … substantially greater. This indicates that women were willing to substitute away from marriage if the alternatives were favorable … enough, suggesting that changes in the desirability of marriage to women may account for some of the aggregate patterns of …

The traditional historical narrative claims that White women were rarely involved in market transactions for enslaved … the first quantitative estimates of the extent of White women's involvement in antebellum slave transactions as owners of … record. Contrary to the narrative, we find that White women were quite frequently noted as owners of record in transactions …

-owned establishments employed more women and paid women higher wages, creating a potential cycle between increased female business … ownership and increased female labor market participation. Female-owned establishments concentrated in sub-industries like women … from other women in the Population Census …

higher marriage rates for women and lower for men. Land abundance favored higher fertility. The demands of childcare … opportunities outside the home. Frontier women were less likely to report "gainful employment," but among those who did, relatively … more had high-status occupations. Together, these findings integrate contrasting narratives about frontier women …

We investigate women's fertility, labor and marriage market responses to a health innovation that led to reductions in … allow women to start fertility later and invest more in the labor market. We present a new theory of fertility that …