relying on forecasts. Adult outcomes on the participants' children and siblings allow us to quantify spillover benefits. The …

-birthweight children. This targeting heavily oversampled twins, whose outcomes differed significantly from singletons'. Singletons' gains …

Public policies often target individuals but within-family externalities of such interventions are understudied. Using … a regression discontinuity design, we document how a third grade retention policy affects both the target children and … their younger siblings. The policy improves test scores of both children while the spillover is up to 30% of the target …

.005), receptive language (0.26 SD p=0.03) and expressive language (0.21 SD p=0.03). After 4.5 years, when the children were on average …

more likely to marry a partner with tertiary education and their children have better early childhood development outcomes ….25 standard deviations of test scores once children are of school age. The primary mechanism seems to be that more …-educated caregivers have the knowledge and skills to safeguard their children's health and stimulate their cognitive development. In …

Using every major nationally-representative dataset on parental and non-parental care provided to children up to age 6 …, we quantify differences in American children's care experiences by socioeconomic status (SES), proxied primarily with … maternal education. Increasingly, higher-SES children spend less time with their parents and more time in the care of others …

reviews a large body of empirical work investigating whether these programs make a difference for children's development, and … life outcomes. This suggests that early childhood programs might play a significant role in helping children realize their …

We present the results of a novel early childhood intervention in which disadvantaged 3-4-year- old children were … evaluated a shortened summer version of the program (2 months) in which children were treated immediately prior to the start of …