Reallocation is about major adjustments of public expenditure away from its current patterns. In recent years, reallocation has become increasingly important as a means to finance new needs in the sphere of internal and external security, integration of immigrants, education, health and...

This report provides an overview of national practices towards performance evaluation and management of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in 11 Asian economies (Bhutan, People’s Republic of China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Korea, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore and Viet Nam). It...

Developing, promoting and maintaining a good professional teaching workforce from primary to upper secondary education is a policy imperative for education systems around the world. The data drawn from the OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) can help policy makers and...

Kazakhstan has made tremendous progress in ensuring universal access to primary and lower-secondary education. Nevertheless, results international surveys reveal that almost two-thirds of students from Kazakhstan complete schooling without mastering the basic skills needed to be successful, and...

A holistic approach to education – that addresses students’ learning, social and emotional needs – is crucial, especially in times of crisis. School closures related to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic mean that students from diverse backgrounds who are more at risk of increased...

The education systems of the 59 countries that participated in this survey have demonstrated remarkable resilience, flexibility and commitment to education in having established strategies for education continuity, in extremely challenging conditions, during the Covid-19 pandemic. For the most...

Countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia have clear aspirations to strengthen civic participation and increase prosperity for all. A highly skilled and knowledgeable population is critical to achieving these goals, which makes creating and maintaining high quality and equitable education...