Access to modern energy is believed to be a prerequisite for sustainable development, poverty alleviation and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. However, theoretical models and empirical results offer conflicting evidence on the relationship between energy consumption and...

This article questions the importance of agricultural press for the majoritarian farmers’union, the FNSEA, dealing with the question of its representativeness. At first, the authors highlight a phased trend towards press concentration to the benefit of majority union. During challenging times,...

This paper surveys alternative approaches to the emergence and evolution of institutions. The challenge is to develop frameworks capable of capturing both stability and change. We follow a “descaling” approach to show how founding assumptions about economics—namely, alternative assumptions...

Theoretical and methodological difficulties explain the low level of knowledge on rural employment, but political and theoretical reasons are impulsing new research. The author examines the three main logics governing present research : development, spatial distribution of employment, historical...

Since 2004, the Government of Senegal has adopted an accelerated growth program in the aim o reducing poverty by half before 2015 (Millennium Development Goal). This article criticizes thi program by analysing his pro-poor components. It shows that policies are too much oriented toward sectors...