In 2015, students from more than 72 countries and economies participated in PISA, an international assessment. Administered every three years by the OECD, PISA measures the skills of 15 year-old students in applying their knowledge of science, reading, and math to real life problems. PISA...

The main objective of the report is to provide recommendations for policy makers and sector managers to help improve service delivery and the resultant outcomes in primary education. The fundamental premise of this analysis stems from Punjab Social Sector Public Expenditure Review conducted in...

The Ministry of Education of Peru (MINEDU), through the General Directorate for School Infrastructure (DIGEIE), prepared the National School Infrastructure Plan to 2025 (PNIE). Within this framework, the MINEDU commissioned the National Institute of Statistics and Information (INEI) with...

Competitiveness in an increasingly globalized world requires a highly skilled and educated workforce. The Government of Indonesia recognizes that a highly educated and skilled workforce is critical to reducing inequality and poverty. To ensure schools are given adequate attention, the 2003 Law...

The overall objective of the Public Expenditure Review (PER) for primary and secondary education is to assess the quality and efficiency of public spending on education in order to recommend measures to help heighten the quality and efficiency of public spending in primary and secondary...

Over the last decade, the Government of the Philippines has embarked on an ambitious education reform program to ensure that all Filipinos have the opportunity to obtain the skills that they need to play a full and productive role in society. The government has backed up these reforms,...

Providing schools with direct funding to meet their operational needs is the cornerstone of the government's efforts to strengthen school-based management in the Philippines. Over the past five years, funds that the government has provided directly to schools to support their maintenance and...

Gender equality is a core development objective in its own right, and it is also smart economics. Greater gender equality pays off by helping advance a host of development goals, such as improvements in children's health and education and better labor outcomes for adults, at the same time...

In this note, we examine how Cambodian youth's test score performance during lower secondary relates to their success several years later as they transition from schooling to work. Specifically, we explore the association between cognitive skills measured using math and vocabulary test scores...

Gender equality is a core development objective in its own right, and it is also a smartdevelopment policy. Gender equality is also a key pathway to ensure lasting poverty reductionand shared prosperity. Identifying the main gender gaps a country faces across differentdomains, contributes to...