most-debated impacts is their effect on electricity prices, for which there have been some ex-ante studies, but few ex … prices for 2005–2009 in Spain, to study the effects that the introduction of renewable electricity and cogeneration has had … on wholesale electricity prices. It is particularly interesting to perform this study in Spain where an active system of …

energy prices, we find electricity prices––relative to oil and gas––to be more important in the manufacturing process …, with a one standard deviation reduction in electricity prices leading to a 2.8 percent increase in manufacturing output …. Our estimated elasticities together with plausible reductions in electricity tariffs derived from the energy reform, could …