unbiased informative ranking. The existence of the ranking might affect the welfare of all consumers negatively. With rigid … prices, the ranking induced change in demand can be detrimental to all consumers in markets featuring rationing or … consumption externalities. With perfectly flexible prices, the ranking might increase firms' market power, and hence lead to …

unemployment, called ranking. With the filling of vacancies unaffected by the selection rule, both equilibria have the same … being a worker with zero unemployment duration, the wage with ranking is much more sensitive to changes in the tightness of …