We study the relationship between education and fertility, exploiting compulsory schooling reforms in Europe as source … of exogenous variation in education. Using data from 8 European countries, we assess the causal effect of education on … the number of biological kids and the incidence of childlessness. We find that more education causes a substantial …

achievements are wasted as children fail to build upon their parents’ achievements. Policies affecting the education system and the …

unemployment rates. It may be the case that this locus is steep enough to generate increasing returns to education. This may lead … to multiple equilibria: a high-education equilibrium may coexist with a low-education equilibrium. In the former, the … Pareto-ranked, but the latter is preferred to the former by workers, while `savers' prefer the high-education equilibrium. …

, and uses these variables as instruments to estimate returns to education, with the help of a rich set of individual data … two stage method is used to estimate log-wage equations, taking care of education endogeneity, using birth order and the … number of siblings as instruments. The OLS estimates of returns to education are biased downwards, when females are …

enrollment in each year, in our exceptional data set. We control for father occupation, mother education and other variables …