We present direct evidence on the link between children’s patience and educational-track choices years later. Combining … an incentivized patience measure of 493 primary-school children with their high-school track choices taken at least three …

-achieving students. The reduction in learning time was not larger for children from lower-educated parents, but it was larger for boys … collect detailed time-use information on students before and during the school closures in a survey of 1,099 parents in … argue that low-achieving students may be particularly affected by the lack of educator support during school closures. We …

students to generally exhibit stronger "sensitivity" to grades. We examine student persistence in a wide spectrum of academic … make students more responsive to grades received in it, rather than the other way around as is commonly suggested. …

-achieving students. The reduction in learning time was not larger for children from lower-educated parents, but it was larger for boys … collect detailed time-use information on students before and during the school closures in a survey of 1,099 parents in … argue that low-achieving students may be particularly affected by the lack of educator support during school closures. We …

-economic groups that are further amplified upon students' adjustment of their educational choices in the course of studies. The best … assign, on average, lower grades and conjectured that female students exhibit stronger aversion to low grades, hence their … attachment to the field. A key implication is that categories of students who attach high importance to pecuniary benefits of …

Numerous countries require teachers to assign comportment grades rating students' social and work behavior in the … comportment grading across German federal states to estimate its causal effect on students' school-to-work transitions as well as … consistent with these grades being insufficiently salient for students to alter actual student behaviors. …

are consistent with these grades being insufficiently salient for students to alter actual student behaviors …

in Germany, either teachers or parents have the discretion to decide which secondary school track a child may attend … increased time investments in students' skill development. Overall, my results suggest that selective admission policies can … lead to permanent improvements in students' educational performances. …

individuals to acquire education may serve as an additional signal (to earned labor income) on the underlying unobserved innate … education, as a supplement to the labor income tax. …

in a host country of higher education. Students with rational expectations consider a potential return migration in their … non-resident tuition fees depend on the stay rates of foreign-born graduates. A decline in stay rates of foreign students … students take into account the possibility of return migration after graduation in their first-stage location decision in …