One of the key questions in the study of regulation is whether the costs of regulatory compliance fall homogeneously on …

constrains corporations' ability to adapt after the GDPR became enforceable. We hypothesize that a modular approach to cloud …-in-differences regression design, we find that establishment revenues lower by 30% among corporations substantially exposed to GDPR. Other …

We study the GDPR's opt-in requirement in a model with a firm that provides a digital service and consumers who are … firm. We show that the GDPR boosts demand for the service by allowing consumers with high privacy costs to buy the service … GDPR, implying that the GDPR can be welfare-improving. But if the firm's revenue is largely from data monetization, then …

regulatory interventions such as the GDPR. In this light, even with decreasing returns to data small firms can be prevented from …

single market in the European Union is impeded by absent or imperfect regulation conducted at the national level, which fails …

Performance-based regulation (PBR) is influenced by the Bayesian and non-Bayesian incentive mechanisms. While Bayesian … incentives require long-term adjustments based on rate-of-return regulation with a ?used and useful? criterion. …

EU Merger Control Regulation No 4064/89 tended to rely on a dominance test, based on the market share of undertakings … questionable. New EC Merger Regulation No 139/2004 introduces a substantive test to ensure that all post-merger scenarios posing a …