In this paper, we provide estimates of the subjectively perceived cost of children depending on the extent of parental … with children in Germany. Our study confirms that the monetary cost of children is substantial and increases with parental … sizeable for families with children …

This paper investigates the impact of parenting courses on fragile families’ time use with their children. Courses …, we find attending the course increased families’ awareness of the importance of educational activities for children, the …

with cross-state differences in the timing of school closures, is concentrated among mothers with young school-age children … contribute to gender gaps in career choice and earnings: women−particularly those with young school-age children …

We study the relationship between a key early intervention policy designed to support families with children up to the … age of four and the rate at which children are taken into social care. The gradual build-up of over 3,600 Sure Start … Children's Centres (SSCC), operated by Local Authorities across England, created large spatial and cohort variation in the …

, in the medium run, the effects of the reform are insignificant for both male and female children. The sons of treated …

We examine the differential effects of COVID-19 and related restrictions on individuals with dependent children in … groups. In a difference-in-differences design, we compare the change for individuals with children to the change for … individuals without children, accounting for unrelated trends as well as potential survey mode and context effects. We find that …

connection between cognitive skills of parents and their children by exploiting within-family between-subject variation in these … close at about 0.1. Finally, we show the strong influence of family skill transmission on children’s choices of STEM fields …

children’s skills. This paper estimates causal effects of severe parental health shocks on child socio-emotional skills … rationalized with shocks having a delayed impact on children’s skills …

Many countries are currently expanding access to child care for young children. But are all children equally likely to … (children's age, birth weight and socio-economic background), but less so with respect to unobserved determinants of selection …

, particularly for second-generation men with children. Our findings suggest that broader cultural factors do influence the gender …