We provide an explanation for a frequently observed vertical restraint in ecommerce, namely that brand manufacturers …-quality product and limits the wholesale price a brand manufacturer can charge. If, however, the branded product is not available … price is salient in the store, this aligns the retailer's incentives with the brand manufacturer's interest to make quality …

We analyze structural state dependence in brand choice using variation from brand switching during stock-outs caused by … brand switching due to stock-outs. …

-income markets. These changes in export patterns imply that advanced economies become more specialized in "fast-fashion" - exporting …

the firm sells both products under the same brand name, consumers adjust their beliefs about quality subject to the … markets and that even unprofitable products may be used to stabilize the umbrella brand. However, umbrella branding does not …

We study the impact of product margins on pharmacies' incentive to promote generics instead of brand-names. First, we … construct a theoretical model where pharmacies can persuade patients with a brand-name prescription to purchase a generic … producer and retail level. In the empirical analysis, we find a strong relationship between the margins of brand-names and …