This article tests the effects of fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards on the direction of innovation, in … for the years 2000-2016. Our results indicate that standards are a very robust driver inducing clean innovation, whereas … negatively impact dirty innovation. …

In a Cournot oligopoly set up with constant marginal cost and linear demand, innovation is rewarding. In this paper we … work with a Cournot oligopoly framework with increasing marginal cost and linear demand and show that innovation may not be … interaction we attempt to capture and explain is the one of technology with the possibility of innovation via the intensity of …

expensive and innovation investments that increase labor productivity are more profitable. We incorporate this channel in a new …

; innovation ; directed technical change …

Environmental regulations have consistently been found to spur innovation in "clean" technologies, with one significant … effect on innovation. Several explanations have been offered, including secondary market failures and a lack of polluter …, contrary to past experience, encouraged innovation rather than adoption. I discuss how these contrasting findings can be …

phase-out of ozone-depleting substances. I show that the protocol increased science and innovation on alternatives to ozone … readily available. I reconcile theory and empirics by discussing the role of induced innovation in models of environmental …

Using Dutch data we empirically investigate how financing and innovation vary across firm characteristics. We find that … when firms face financial constraints, debt financing and innovation choices are not independent of firm characteristics …