Chudik, Alexander; Pesaran, M. Hashem; Smith, Ron - 2022
models in economics as conditions for balanced growth, arbitrage or solvency, the empirical literature has tended to find … little evidence for them. We argue that this outcome could be due to episodic failure of cointegration, possible two …-way causality between the variables in the ratios, and cross-country error dependence due to latent factors. We propose a new system …