than average in municipalities that were more heavily affected by the war. The loss of life among men led to female … that do not respect traditional gender roles and induces intimate partner violence that is transmitted across generations. …

The gender wage gap is to a significant extent driven by gender-based job segregation. One of the potential culprits … experiment, we disentangle the roles of gender, field of study, and task difficulty in promotion application decisions. Our study … pro- vides three crucial findings. First, gender differences in self-limiting promotion application behavior are only …