the announcement day return of bidding firms. The returns to bidding shareholders are lower when their firm diversifies …, when it buys a rapidly growing target , and when the performance of its managers has been poor before the acquisition …. These results are consistent with the proposition that managerial rather than shareholders' objectives drive bad …

responds more to increases in shareholders' return performance than to decreases. Further, this asymmetry is stronger when …

cash flow retention, more CEO accountability, and less earnings management. We posit that more powerful independent … errant top managers, or both …