international PISA test (2009). We extend the analyses in two ways and find that students must differ considerably in the time … substantially between different school (ability) tracks and that additional instruction time significantly increases the within-school …

(HRT) with additional classroom management duties significantly improves students' test scores and cognitive and … noncognitive abilities. In contrast, these effects are not observed for subject teachers who are responsible only for teaching …. More experienced or female HRTs are also associated with a better classroom environment, more self-motivated students, more …

This paper estimates the effect of a full year of the COVID-19 pandemic on school performance, focusing on students at … the end of upper secondary school who are about to enter the labour market or start university without having had the …-in-differences models to analyse the performance of two cohorts of students in Italy: a cohort that has never been exposed to the pandemic …

We examine whether parental and school investments reinforce or compensate for student performance. Our analysis … exploits school-starting-age rules in 34 countries, capturing achievement variation that arises because younger children … schools allocate weaker students to smaller classes and offer more remedial tutoring. Notably, parents provide more support to …

and private schooling on student scores in Australia. We control for observable and unobservable influences, at school and …

Schools often track students to classes based on ability. Proponents of tracking argue it is a low-cost tool to improve … learning since instruction is more effective when students are more homogeneous, while opponents argue it exacerbates initial … student ability, and schools operationalize tracking through the classification of students into categories such as gifted and …

autonomous province of Trento) the PISA 2009 test was re-administered to the same students one year later. This paper is the … first to analyse in the OECD-PISA context the potential advantages of re-testing the same students in order to provide … better measures of schools' contributions to student achievement. We show that while cross-sectional measures of school value …

all due to differences in what students bring with them to school – socio-economic background, cultural factors, and the …Students in some countries do far better on international achievement tests than students in other countries. Is this … like? Or do school systems make a difference? This essay argues that differences in features of countries' school systems …

language classes in compulsory school on students' subsequent educational choices in upper secondary school. Using … pronounced for students who do not speak at home the school's language of instruction. Finally, we find that female students who … more foreign language classes during compulsory school has only minor effects on educational choices of the overall student …

of primary education on school enrollment, drop-outs and completion rates. The empirical results show that for children … in elementary school one additional grade of primary education has a negative impact on enrollment rate, while the effect … underdeveloped countries parents do not have incentive to send children to school given the high perceived present economic value of …