The concept of a barrier to entry has been discussed least since Bain [1956] with important contributions by Spence [1977], Dixit [1980] and Milgrom-Roberts [1982]. The more recent discussion is synthesized in the contributions to a dedicated session at the 2004 AEA meeting. Yet, a 'barrier to...

The implementation of ethical policies in multinational corporations can lead to a great deal of tension between the centre, the headquarters, and the periphery, subsidiaries. But the efficiency of the ethical policy depends on the consistency of its worldwide implementation. To prevent...

« Le budget est le fléau des directions générales américaines. Il n'aurait jamais du exister. Faire un budget est un exercice de minimisation car tout le monde est occupé à négocier les chiffres les plus faibles possible » . Le propos est clair et sans appel. Il émane de Jack Welsh, un...

The article discusses the origins of the U-shaped average cost curve, which is one of the most widely used tools in microeconomic analysis. Its widespread use leads many to consider it as a basic tool, obscuring the fact that the graph of the U-shaped average cost curve is part of a complex...