This paper shows that there are large differences in cognitive and socio-emotional development between children from … rich and poor backgrounds at the age of 3, and that this gap widens by the age of 5. Children from poor backgrounds also … face much less advantageous "early childhood caring environments" than children from better off families. For example we …

. Among students enrolled in the poorest third of schools, the effect is 7.3 percentage points. Smaller classes increase the … likelihood of earning a college degree by 1.6 percentage points and shift students towards high-earning fields such as STEM …

Children born at the end of the academic year have lower educational attainment, on average, than those born at the …

We estimate production functions for cognition and health for children aged 1-12 in India, based on the Young Lives … Survey. India has over 70 million children aged 0-5 who are at risk of developmental deficits. The inputs into the production … investments affect cognitive development at all ages, but more so for younger children. Investments also have an impact on health …

ages. We study effects of a text-based program for parents of kindergarten children, distinguishing a general program from …; and their parents reported engaging more in literacy activities. Effects were driven by children further from average …Recent studies show that texting-based interventions can produce educational benefits in children across a range of …

insight into the ways in which the environment that parents and children share has affected children's body mass, or into how …Obesity has been one of the fastest growing health concerns among children, particularly among disadvantaged children …. For children overall, obesity rates have tripled from 5% in the early 1970s to about 15% by the early 2000s. For …

as labor earnings of the children who went through the post reform school system, in particular for individuals … the generation directly affected by the reform as well as their children. We use census data on all born in Sweden between … 1945 and 1955 and all their children merged with individual register data on all convictions between 1981 and 2008. We find …

reduced crime rates of the targeted generation and their children by comparable amounts. We attribute these outcomes to …

is explained by student background and subject mix. Based on a simple measure of parental income, we see that students … is competitive to enter, with some universities demanding very high entrance grades. Students specialise early … from higher income families have median earnings which are around 25% more than those from lower income families. Once we …

the total test measurement error that can be applied when one or more cohorts of students take three or more tests in the …