This paper shows that there are large differences in cognitive and socio-emotional development between children from … rich and poor backgrounds at the age of 3, and that this gap widens by the age of 5. Children from poor backgrounds also … face much less advantageous "early childhood caring environments" than children from better off families. For example we …

Children born at the end of the academic year have lower educational attainment, on average, than those born at the …

Children born at the end of the academic year have lower educational attainment, on average, than those born at the … scores is likely to be the most appropriate policy response to ensure that children born towards the end of the year are not …

There is substantial evidence of a significant relationship between parents' income and sons' earnings in the UK, and … that this relationship has strengthened over time. We extend this by exploring a broader measure of net family income as an … intergenerational income persistence and has a stronger effect for the later cohort. Finally, men from higher-income backgrounds are …

choices over the life cycle. We start by analyzing the theoretical impact of income changes on consumption - highlighting the … contributions, distinguishing between papers that use only income data and those that use both income and consumption data. The … and identify the income process or the information set of the individuals. Second, one can assume that the income process …

children may only encourage a small number of low income lone parents to return to work. -- labour supply ; school entry …Childcare costs are often viewed as one of the biggest barriers to work, particularly among lone parents on low incomes …. Children in England are typically eligible to start school - and thus access a number of hours of free public education - on 1 …