We present the results of an empirical study of the national innovation systems of countries in the Iberian Peninsula … previous approaches that used cluster analyses as a methodological framework to analyze national innovation systems from a CSNE … perspective, we use a novel approach based on multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to rank innovation performance. We show how …

Innovation policy is in need for a rational which allows the design and evaluation of policy instruments. In economic … intervene and which instrument should be applied. In innovation policy this rational cannot meaningfully be applied because of … the uncertain and open character of innovation processes. Uncertainty is not a market failure and cannot be repaired …