In the course of the Middle ages, the Copts experienced a variety of drastic changes in the attitude of Muslim rulers towards them, from confidence to disgrace. The latter included not only the increasingly rigorous tax policies, but also social and domestic constraints, which can be surely...

This article presents the results of a study on Russian education policy. It explores how compulsory and secondary education meet contemporary social challenges, and how they should be adjusted to account for acute social inequality. The authors present evidence of the growing social...

Researchers have postulated that there is a positive effect of autonomy-supportive teacher practices on academic interest. Few studies, however, investigate how these practices can reduce the gender gap in mathematics interest. The goal of our study is to examine how autonomy-supportive...

This study focuses on how social contexts promote disparities in academic performance between Russian high schools. In particular, we investigate how a school's average Unified State Examination (USE) scores in Russian and mathematics relate to the social composition of its student body, its...

Our research is dedicated to identifying what allows schools operating in difficult social conditions to show good academic results. We answer this question through the conjugation of two theoretical frameworks: academic resilience and school effectiveness. We analyze several models of school...

This article explores the notion of discipline in Russia since the late 17th century and up to the accession of Catherine II. Discipline and disciplining occupy a central place in our thinking about early modern state, and the reconstruction of debates about school building helps to illuminate...

In different countries of the world the place of religion in education differs. In most of the European countries teaching of religion in public (or state-funded) school exists in one form or another. In Russia religious education can be received by the student at his or her own discretion or at...

This article is a reconstruction of archival policies pursued by Russian universities in the nineteenth century and their effects. By comparing "old" and "new" archive inventories, archivists' records and ministerial instructions, Elena Vishlenkova detects sets of documents that were destroyed...

The paper reviews the problem of caesuras and continuity of Portuguese University's history. A study of the University papers showed gaps in its institutional history caused by several relocations from Coimbra to Lisbon. Sometimes such caesuras raise doubts in the continuity of the University's...

In recent years, evaluation and impact assessments (IA) of research and innovation (R&I) policies have become of interest both to researchers and policy makers. The latter use the results of such assessments when developing new regulations and monitoring the implementation and effectiveness of...