The recovery of private investment in Italy has lagged its euro area peers over the past decade. This paper examines …

This paper examines the regional distribution of public employment in Italy and documents two sets of facts. The first … the wage bill in the South of Italy can be identified as a subsidy, with both the size of public employment and wage … is the use of public employment as a subsidy from the North to the less wealthy South. We calculate that about half of …

Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Spain and Portugal. The stability of Germany is a close proxy for the resilience of the euro … during 2009–12 were due to idiosyncratic factors, market developments in Italy and Spain contributed significantly, likely …’s sovereign CDS despite initial widespread concerns about such linkages. Spain and Italy show a notable co-dependence in …

In Italy, price-based competitiveness measures are not always an accurate predictor of trade outcomes. This paper … Italy’s export market share. Overall, Italy maintains a high-quality export mix, and the adaptability of small … sectors are weighed down by the structural barriers that have depressed productivity more broadly. Italy’s future …