We estimate the effect of education on lifetime income in Europe, by distinguishing between individuals who lived in … years of education using reforms of compulsory education in nine different countries, and find that individuals in rural … substantially higher returns to their additional education. We argue that the long-lasting beneficial effects of having books at …

We estimate the effect of education on lifetime income in Europe, by distinguishing between individuals who lived in … years of education using reforms of compulsory education in nine different countries, and find that individuals in rural … substantially higher returns to their additional education. We argue that the long-lasting beneficial effects of having books at …

We study the contribution of health-related behaviors to the health education gradient by distinguishing between short … latter we consider the entire history of behaviors. We use an empirical approach that addresses the endogeneity of education … and behaviors in the health production function. Focusing on self-reported poor health, we find that education has a …