We show that in the US, the UK, Italy and Sweden women whose first child is a boy are less likely to work in a typical …

countries. In the paper, we compare the labour market developments in four countries: Germany, Italy, Poland, and Sweden. There … and Sweden are in contrast with low levels of employment in Italy and Poland. In the latter two countries, there is also a …

penalty for male workers in six European countries (i.e., Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Spain, and the UK). Findings show … 28 percent in Denmark and Italy, to 67 percent in the UK and to 149 percent in Ireland. Human capital differences explain … remains unexplained by differences in observed characteristics (except in Italy). Overall, results suggest that policy …

This study proposes a new approach to the analysis of non-employment and its duration in Germany, Italy and Spain using …

set in the metalworking industry with labor market histories of metalworkers drawn from Social Security records in Italy … evidence for earlier periods is mixed in Italy, the results do not support the view that the wage structure reflects labor …

professorships in all academic disciplines in two countries, Italy and Spain. These applications were assessed by 8,000 evaluators …

Italy, Brazil and then finally India. We also show that autonomous government schools (i.e. government funded but with …