penalty for male workers in six European countries (i.e., Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Spain, and the UK). Findings show … 28 percent in Denmark and Italy, to 67 percent in the UK and to 149 percent in Ireland. Human capital differences explain … remains unexplained by differences in observed characteristics (except in Italy). Overall, results suggest that policy …

This study proposes a new approach to the analysis of non-employment and its duration in Germany, Italy and Spain using …

set in the metalworking industry with labor market histories of metalworkers drawn from Social Security records in Italy … evidence for earlier periods is mixed in Italy, the results do not support the view that the wage structure reflects labor …

professorships in all academic disciplines in two countries, Italy and Spain. These applications were assessed by 8,000 evaluators …

-retirement decision. Employing individual data from the European Community Household Panel for Germany, Italy, Spain, and the U.K., a …

marginal value of being an entrepreneur as a function of wealth. Countries with high start-up costs such as Italy, Spain and …

European context comparing results from Spain, Italy and the Netherlands. Using these large and comparable data sets, our logit … employment. Similar results were found for fathers in Spain and Italy. Perhaps the most striking result is the very strong …