students who volunteer for 3 to 6 hours per week. They were randomly assigned to middle school students, from a list of … potential beneficiaries compiled by school principals. Using original survey data collected from students, parents, teachers and …

driven by declines in high school peer quality and educational investments that result in lower non-cognitive skill …

The effect of school closures in the spring of 2020 on the math, science, and reading skills of secondary school … students in Poland is estimated. The COVID-19-induced school closures lasted 26 weeks in Poland, one of Europe's longest …

asymmetry: males do not and females do benefit from exposure to more female classmates with less school absence and improvement …

parents' teleworkability affected children's online learning during Covid school closures. I use panel data from Invalsi … Covid school closures between grade 2 and grade 5 and whether their parents work in teleworkable occupations. I also exploit … variations in the length of Covid school closures and the use of online learning resources across Italian regions. My results …

reporting had not occurred, even nearly 2 years following initial school closures. Our estimates suggest that school closure and … baseline. In the post-school closure period, we find that greater school attendance encourages faster and more complete … recovery in reporting of violence against children, pointing to important non-cognitive costs of both school closure, and …

This study explores the relationship between women's representation in political power and school closures during the … of female members in national governments and school closures. We show that a one standard deviation increase in female … members of national governments is associated with a reduction in the likelihood of school lockdowns by 24% relative to the …

use by academic researchers before and after the pandemic, we analyze the extent to which greater access to either school …