across Canadian provinces in a differencein-differences approach. Time-series analysis for each province and for France …, Italy and Germany corroborates this finding, and we estimate cumulative gains of up to 5 percentage points in provincial … vaccination rates and 790,000 or more first doses for Canada as a whole as of October 31, 2021 (5 to 13 weeks after the provincial …

.S., Canada, the U.K., and Germany, we construct beauty measures in different ways that allow putting a lower bound on the true …

outcomes. The UK, Sweden, Canada and the US obtain the highest management scores closely followed by Germany, with a gap to …

centralized systems (Italy and Germany) lagging behind the more autonomous ones (Canada, Sweden, the UK, the US). For Italy, we …

comparable enterprise level data from France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Exporters are more productive and pay higher wages … significantly smaller in Germany, significantly larger in France, and does not differ significantly in the UK. The results for wages … services firms into exporting does not show up among firms from France and the UK where no statistically significant …

also of subsequent generations. Little comparative work exists for Europe's largest economies. France, Germany and the UK …