of the medieval world. It comes at a time when innovation had already been stagnating under guild-like corporate … industrial revolution (4IR) to a premature end. Hence the post-COVID-19 world may be left with trade as the only engine for … industrialization for the foreseeable future. If the global community fails to fix the multilateral trade system, the world may start to …

administrative records before and after the reform, we present evidence that students most likely to attend college in a future are … more likely after the reform to state that their child would end up completing college. Second, we find that relaxing … enrolled in low-performance schools and low-performance students attending better schools. Third, we find that the reform led …