To examine the drivers of innovation, this paper studies the global R&D effort to fight the deadliest diseases and … innovation can be very large, as demonstrated by aggregate flow of clinical trials increasing by 38% in 2020, with limited … economists are naturally in favor of market size as a driving force for innovation (i.e."if the market size is sufficiently large …

We study the impact of COVID-19 school closures on differences in online learning usage by regional academic … academic performance increased their searches for e-learning tools more than higher-performing regions. Analysing school … less e-learning tools than higher performing ones. These two findings suggest that the COVID-19 shock widened the e-learning …

that there is a strong possibility that the unintended damage to entrepreneurship, innovation and growth could be …

€“ innovation and trade – are in danger of being compromised by the COVID-19 pandemic, under conditions increasingly reminiscent … of the medieval world. It comes at a time when innovation had already been stagnating under guild-like corporate …. The COVID-19 pandemic may cause a permanent reduction in innovation and entrepreneurship and may even bring the 4th …

whether extreme events can positively impact (some) entrepreneurship and innovation. Based on this, we propose a partial …

innovation. …