into account firm heterogeneity. We find support for the prediction that competition has a negative effect on innovation … are important channels for domestic firm innovation. We do not find support for the inverted U effect of competition on … innovation. There is partial support for the hypothesis that firms in a more pro-business environment invest more in innovation …

in U.S. refugee admissions starting in 2017 costs the overall U.S. economy today over $9.1 billion per year ($30,962 per … missing refugee per year, on average) and costs public coffers at all levels of government over $2.0 billion per year ($6 … during the same period likewise carry ongoing costs in the billions of dollars per year. These estimates imply that barriers …

How have changes in the costs of enrolling full-time at public two- and four-year colleges affected student decisions … public four-year colleges we study the impact of public higher education costs on the post-secondary enrollment decisions of … college, a public four-year university in their state of residence, other colleges, or no college at all, as relative costs …

tradeoff between the costs of turnover and two other costs, higher pay to offset bad working conditions (compensating …

costly. We show in a model with step-by-step innovations that dismissal costs spur innovation if product markets are not too …Collective dismissal costs are an important part of employment protection legislation (EPL) and make firms' exit more … to innovate. But dismissal costs decrease the absolute value of firms and induce exit. These opposite effects and their …