-effects estimation. Students' own and peer GPAs and their attitudes towards economics have the largest effects on value-added scores. We …Using data on 24 teachers and 982 students from a 2006 survey of California high school economics classes, we assess …

In Germany, the streaming of students into an academic or nonacademic track at age 10 can be revised at later stages of …

entrepreneurship in Germany between 1991 and 2010, the first two decades after reunification. We investigate the socioeconomic … increase in self-employment in Germany by 40 percent which can partly be attributed to the transformation process of East … Germany and to the shift to the service sector. We notice a yearly start-up rate of 1 percent among the working population …

Teachers differ greatly in how much they teach their students, but little is known about which teacher attributes … account for this. We estimate the causal effect of teacher subject knowledge on student achievement using within …-teacher within-student variation, exploiting a unique Peruvian 6th-grade dataset that tested both students and their teachers in two …

the effect by comparing a student's academic performance before and after turning 21. We find that students' grades fall … evolution of performance as students make progress towards their degrees. …

College students now use various forms of unsecured credit such as private student loans and credit cards to finance …

We examine whether the sorting of differently achieving students into differently sized classes results in a regressive … rather than teachers assign students to classrooms. …

The publication of the OECD report on the PISA 2000 study induced a public outcry in Germany. On average, German … students participating in this standardized test performed considerably below the OECD average and substantially worse than … comprehensive econometric analysis of the association of the individual-level reading test scores of German students with individual …