changes in the early life economic environment on late life cognition. In European countries, about three to four economic …

set on innovation for a large number of Italian firms over the 1990's. There is evidence that banking development affects … the probability of process innovation, particularly for small firms and for firms in high(er) tech sectors and in sectors … more dependent upon external finance. The evidence for product innovation is weaker. There is also some evidence that …

innovative inputs on a sample of 3045 manufacturing firms drawn from the third Italian Community Innovation Survey (1998 …-2000). The interactions between four different sources of innovation internal and external R&D, embodied and disembodied … complementarity and substitutability relationships, depending both on the typology of the targeted innovation output and on the …

into account firm heterogeneity. We find support for the prediction that competition has a negative effect on innovation … are important channels for domestic firm innovation. We do not find support for the inverted U effect of competition on … innovation. There is partial support for the hypothesis that firms in a more pro-business environment invest more in innovation …

We measure the extent to which skilled immigrants increase innovation in the United States by exploring individual …

answer the question: What is the contribution of entrepreneurs to (i) employment generation and dynamics, (ii) innovation …

This paper investigates the interplay between social capital, innovation and per capita income growth in the European … Union. We model and identify innovation as an important mechanism that transforms social capital into higher income levels …. In an empirical investigation of 102 European regions in the period 1990-2002, we show that higher innovation performance …