This article addresses management process issues for forming cooperative ventures with an increased likelihood of subsequent success. Based on Roos (1989) the cooperative venture formation process is conceptualized in terms of three theoretical constructs: the extent of sufficient "internal...

An economic theory of habit formation through consumption learning is developed to explain order differences in relative sales promotion expenditures among brands. The theory applies to consumer brands in equilibrium markets, where consumer information from sources other than advertising, sales...