Small and young businesses are essential for job creation, innovation, and economic growth. Even most of the superstar …

innovation can be systematically distorted. This paper builds a simple model of endogenous technology, which generalizes existing … comparative static results and characterizes potential distortions in the direction of innovation. I show that empirical findings …

of low-carbon energy innovation. These include both improvements in physical capital, such as smart grids to aid … document recent trends in energy innovation and discuss the lessons learnt for policy. We then discuss the potential role for … complementary innovation in both physical capital--using smart grids as an example of how policy can help--and human capital, where …

education at the college level and beyond and then go on to examine women's representation at the upper levels of academia …

education, health, and participation rates between population subgroups can have on increasing the U.S. labor force. Our …

's degree than those with less education, for prime-age workers than older workers, and also for those who already worked long …

Employment and participation rates for US prime age women rose steadily during the second half of the 20th century. In … the last 30 years, however, those rates stagnated, even as employment and participation rates for women in other … barriers, such as limited investment in family policies, that may be holding back employment among American women today. The …

factors, education policies, and school environments …