Research on the effects of patent protection on innovation and technology transfer in the cross-country pharmaceutical … national pharmaceutical patent laws during the period from 1978 to 2002. This paper is a companion piece that extends the … research to evaluating the effects of patent reforms on inward foreign direct investment (FDI) establishments and imports in …

past innovations. With full patent protection, followers can catch up to the leader in their industry either by making the … simple form of licensing. Second, we show that full patent protection is not optimal from the viewpoint of maximizing the …

Such institutions as patent systems cannot be well understood without an assessment of technological creativity in … success of the invention. Prize-oriented institutions thus appear to be less systematic and not as market-oriented as patent …

We study the incentives that governments have to protect intellectual property in a trading world economy. We consider … a world economy with ongoing innovation in two countries that differ in market size, in their capacities for innovation … policies in a non-cooperative regime of patent protection, we ask, Why are patents longer in the North? We also study …

to the "Eco-Patent Commons", which provides royalty-free access to third parties to patented climate change related …

on patents as an incentive for innovation, the effectiveness of patents for invention disclosure, patent valuation, and … what we know about the design of patent systems. We also look at what is known about some current policy areas, including … software and business method patents, university patenting, and the growth in patent litigation …

, beginning with a brief history of international patent systems and facts about the current use of patents around the world. I … followed by a review of recent work by myself and co-authors on regional patent systems, the impact of patents on firm …

Patent counts are very imperfect measures of innovative output. This paper discusses how additional data-the number of … years a patent is renewed and the number of countries in which protection for the same invention is sought - can be used to … proposed which may remove half of the noise in patent counts as a measure of innovative output. The paper also illustrates how …

This paper presents quantitative estimates of the private value of property rights conferred by patent protection for … different technology fields and countries of ownership. The measures are derived from parametric estimation of a model of patent … renewal, using a new data set on patent renewals in France during the period 1969-1987. The results show that patent …