COVID-19 pandemic shock. We argue that tighter bank regulation has created incentives for nonbanks to increase their …

The traditional model of bank-led financial intermediation, where banks issue demandable deposits to savers and make …% to 13%. Additionally, the share of loans as a percentage of bank assets has fallen from 70% to 55%. We develop a …, and changes in implicit subsidies and costs of bank activities can explain these shifts. Declines in securitization cost …

In recent years, assets of non-bank financial intermediaries (NBFIs) have grown significantly relative to those of …. We argue instead that NBFI and bank businesses and risks are so interwoven that they are better described as having … contingent liquidity risk from the provision of credit lines to NBFIs; and (iii) Empirical work confirms bank-NBFI linkages …

bank approval disparity is also larger in more racially biased counties. We conclude that insofar as automation by fintechs …

Our research examines the impact of dwindling community bank numbers on community investment and economic development …) originations. Key factors include the local presence of other community banks and the continuity of the consolidating bank …'s presence. Interestingly, the effect remains neutral in underserved or distressed counties and diminishes when a large bank …

Bank branch density, defined as the number of bank branches to total deposits, has significantly declined over the past …

locations of large-bank branches have demographics typically associated with greater financial sophistication, large-bank …

Bank liquid asset holdings vary significantly across banks and through time. The determinants of liquid asset holdings …