advertising help answer this question? We present results from a large field experiment on Facebook and Instagram that documents … variance in advertisers' ability to generate returns to advertising. We focus on campaigns aimed at boosting sales and tie … advertising expenses to revenues for each advertiser. We find that spending on advertising led to significant increases in …

Facebook and Instagram. We first estimate advertising effectiveness at baseline across our broad sample. We then estimate the …

This paper examines how high cost mortgage lending varies by race and ethnicity. It uses a unique panel data that … loans for African-American and Hispanic borrowers even after controlling for key mortgage risk factors: they have a 7.7 and … sorting across) mortgage lenders …

We study links between the labor market for loan officers and access to mortgage credit. Using novel data matching the … (near) universe of mortgage applications to loan officers, we find that minorities are significantly underrepresented among … loan officers. Minority borrowers are less likely to complete mortgage applications, have completed applications approved …

mortgage advertising induced by the entry of Craigslist across different regions to demonstrate that the relation between … instead support the "persuasive view" that advertising in the subprime mortgage market was used to steer consumers into …We use a unique dataset that combines information on advertising by subprime lenders and mortgages originated by them …

conclude that the HOLC's redlining maps had little effect on the geographic distribution of either program's mortgage market …

Motivated by the assessment of racial discrimination in mortgage pricing, we introduce a new methodology for comparing …. Fourth, we use our methodology to estimate mortgage pricing differentials by race on a novel data set linking 2018--2019 Home … Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data to Optimal Blue rate locks. We find robust evidence for mortgage pricing differentials by …