The Late Middle Ages (c.1300–c.1500) saw the development of many of the key economic institutions of the modern unitary nation-state in Europe. After the ‘commercial revolution’ of the thirteenth century, taxes on trade became increasingly significant contributors to government finances,...

Although Asia has been the world engine of economic growth since World War II, growth rates have differed sharply among the countries of the region. Still, all Asian countries have experienced some degree of growth limitation. Japan is facing the crucial issue of a quickly aging and shrinking...

This book analyzes the various problems of growth, trade and public policy from the perspective of applied economics, based on research in areas such as public policies, trade and regulation, and development economics. Part 1 investigates the broad problems of growth and regional economy,...

1. Introduction: Snapshots of Global Gold Mining -- PART 1: TRENDS IN GLOBAL GOLD PRODUCTION -- 2. Theorizing the Global Gold Production System -- 3. Global Expansion -- 4. Informalization -- 5. Technological Innovation -- PART 2: GLOBAL GOLD PRODUCTION TOUCHING GROUND -- 6. Brazil: Garimpagem,...

1 Framework of the SREB Initiative -- 2 Connectivity Construction -- 3 Trade and Investment Facilitation -- 4 Industrial Cooperation and Upgrading -- 5 Construction and Upgrading of Urbanization in Western China -- 6 Regionalization and Internationalization of Currency -- 7 Guarantee Mechanism...

1. Introduction -- 2. Economic Development, Sustainable Development and Agriculture -- 3. Sustainability of Agricultural Systems -- 4. Challenges of Sustainable Agriculture in Developing Countries -- 5. Challenges of Sustainable Agricultural Development in High-Income Countries -- 6. Pathways to...

1. Towards a New Framework for Analyzing Trade Growth Dynamics -- 2. An Empirical Analysis of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Banking Sector Development (BSD) in West Africa -- 3. Impact of FDI and TRIPS on the Absorptive Capacity of Manufacturing firms in India -- 4. The Trade Impact of...

Foreword by Prof. Dr. Mohammend Jerary -- Introduction -- Across the vast land -- A journey through time -- Traders, Nomads and Slaves -- Navigating and mapping the "white spot" -- On major trans-Saharan trails -- Places of Trade, Communication and Religion - Important Oases -- Bibliography.

1. Asymmetric Information and the Roman Economy: Introduction -- 2. Economics and Information: Asymmetries, Uncertainties and Risks -- Part 1: Information Management -- 3. Managing Economic Public Information in Rome: the Aerarium as Central Archive of the Roman Republic -- 4. Managing...