This paper examines direct and indirect contributions of foreign firms and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to aggregate productivity growth. We focus our attention on foreign firms and small firms for three reasons. First, industrial policy in almost all countries is oriented towards...

We analyze the behavior of plant-level real wages and productivity in Turkish manufacturing after the transition to democracy in 1987 and test whether wages under democracy causes productivity. The Turkish experience provides almost an experimental case: real wages in manufacturing increased by...

Turkiye, 1980 askeri darbesiyle ara verilen demokrasiye yedi yil sonra yapilan serbest secimlerle geri dondu. Bu makalede, Turkiye imalat sanayiinde reel ucretler ve isyeri duzeyinde emek ve toplam faktor verimliliginin 1987'de demokrasiye gecis sonrasindaki hareketleri incelenmektedir. 1988'den...

The purpose of this study is to explore the employment effects of changes in manufacturing output resulting from shifting trade patterns over the period 1995-2006. For 30 countries (21 OECD and 9 non-OECD countries) we estimate the changes in embodied labor content due to trade using...