matter knowledge of primary school teachers in Indonesia is low on average and that a 1.0, but also a 2.0 standard deviation …. Second, the paper presents the results of three types of value-added regressions, a (standard) level specification, a school … 0.50) student-level standard deviations by the time students complete the six-year primary school cycle …

preschools in a pool of 50. Children's school participation was 30 percent higher in the treatment group than in the comparison …This paper examines the effects of subsidized school meals on school participation, educational achievement, and school … experienced prior to the program. The school meals displaced teaching time and led to larger class sizes. Despite improved …

In many low-income countries, teachers do not master the subject they are teaching, and children learn little while … attending school. Using unique data from nationally representative surveys of schools in seven Sub-Saharan African countries …

's readiness for school. Among children of mothers without high school education, being in a treatment community positively affects …This paper evaluates and compares two randomized interventions in Tonga, one targeting the home environment of children … up to age 5 and one targeting the school environment for first and second grade students. The first intervention supports …

The extent to which teachers and school directors are held to account may play a central role in determining education … paper investigates the relationship between an expanded set of school inputs, including proxies for the functionality of … characteristics, school resources and top-down accountability indicators are considered. An in-depth analysis of participatory …

in childhood on primary school enrollment status, using pseudo-panel data for children ages six to nine years in … Bangladesh. The results indicate that unimproved sanitation has a negative and significant impact on primary school enrollment. A … child's early exposure to unimproved sanitation decreases the likelihood of being enrolled in primary school by eight to ten …

Social distancing requirements associated with COVID-19 (coronavirus) have led to school closures. In mid-April, the … universities, affecting more than 90 percent of the world's learners: 1.5 billion children and young people. The closures are … increased earnings. What is not known is how much earnings will decline due to the school closures. Starting with the fact that …

who are traditionally favored by parents for school participation, including boys, older children, and higher ability … enrollment of "marginal children" who are initially less likely to go to school, such as girls, younger children, and lower … or unconditional. Families under the conditional schemes were required to have their children ages 7-15 enrolled in …

This paper examines the long-term impacts of improved school quality at the elementary school stage on subsequent … treatment and control areas before and after a school intervention, show significant differences in subsequent schooling … consistent with females' greater incentives to study, driven by their higher returns to schooling, especially after high school …

selection, it found that students in eighth grade mathematics achieve more in both types of private school than they do in …