The project to build up a banking union in Europe was launched in summer 2012. Thereafter the progress has been fast. Single Supervisory Mechanism will embark on November 1, 2014. A decision on the Single Resolution Mechanism was made in Spring 2014. It should be up and running as of the...

English Abstract: The author proposes a new type of asset-backed security, called Exchange Traded Pieced Loan (ETPL), designed to address a variety of major issues for savers, lenders, borrowers, authorities and other stakeholders in China's markets for investment and credit. An ETPL's...

English Abstract: The authors review the availability and allocation of commercial credit in China, the investment options presented to savers and the funding options available to Chinese banks. They highlight the markets intrinsic deficiencies, vast externalities and tremendous potentials for...

In order to shed light on the consequences of the ongoing financial crisis, ETLA conducted two surveys at the end of October 2008. The firm survey targeted firms employing at least 10 persons in Finland (2,017 observations with a response rate of 33%) and the consumer survey targeted...

In order to shed light on the consequences of the ongoing financial crisis, ETLA conducted two surveys at the end of October 2008. The firm survey targeted firms employing at least 10 persons in Finland (2,017 observations with a response rate of 33%) and the consumer survey targeted...

Chinese Abstract:...

Chinese Abstract:...

Chinese Abstract:...

Chinese Abstract:...