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This paper examines pension premiums and a consumption tax as ways to finance basic pensions. The union wage model suggests that labor wage taxation increases the rate of unemployment. Using the right-to-manage model, it becomes clear that an increase in premiums for labor wages actually leads...

All the social insurance systems in Japan have faced number of difficulties in recent years mainly because, on the one hand both aging and number of children declining had accelerated and on the other hand Japan experienced stagnated economy after 1990. Among them the public pension system...

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Korean Abstract: 최근 구글의 알고리즘 변경 및 검색결과 조작에 대한 EU의 제재, 라쿠텐이 온라인 입점업체의 가격 결정권을 침해하고 무료 배송정책을 도입한 행위에 대한 일본 경쟁당국의 제한 조치, 네이버가 자사상품...

This paper examines the effect of unemployment rates on crime rates, using two types of Japanese data: time-series data from 1976 to 2008 and prefectural panel data from 1975 to 2005. An analysis using time-series data shows that an increase in unemployment rates raises crime rates, while the...

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