. According to the estimation results, policies with consideration of these determinants of employment proportions by age groups …

English Abstract: In this study, we explore the causes of the educational gender gap that is prevalent in developing … countries and estimate the economic costs of the gender inequality in educational attainment on economic development. Based on a …-agent problem as the main driving force of the gender gap in educational investment. In order to estimate the opportunity costs …

, immigration policies, and policies to fully mobilize the labor resources of women and older people. Policies to enhance the … caused by population aging. Policies to fully mobilize the labor resources of women and older people seem to be the most …