to employers, labor demand-side wage subsidy for which one can think of two types -- a tax credit(a flat wage subsidy … tax credit to small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) which have increased their employment level in 2010. But many … benefit from the tax credit as most of them are actually not paying any corporate or general income tax bills. However, as the …

Credit Ceiling Loans), a primary tool by the Bank of Korea (BOK)’s credit policy operations on bank loans to small and medium …-sized enterprises (SMEs). Measuring the influence of the Bank Intermediated Lending Support Facility on SMEs’ credit availability is …. These effects are particularly prominent for enterprises with medium-credit scores (ratings 5-6), start-ups, and enterprises …

emerging economies in controlling systemic risks. FX-related liquidity risks remain the main driver of credit and market risks … and draws implications for effective macroprudential supervision. Unlike the strains of typical portfolio credit risk …-contingent interactions with financial-macro factors. We employ a two-pronged approach based on portfolio credit risk and factor models to …

countercyclical capital buffers in Korea. The statistical evidence presented in the paper indicates that the credit-to-GDP gap …