productivity (TFP) growth, and the relatively weak causal relationship between exports and TFP. In light of this causal …

manufacturing sector is associated with a higher productivity growth in the whole economy. Meanwhile, the service sector expansion … diminish if such expansion is accompanied by higher productivity in the service sector. Thus it will be desirable to achieve a … sector, rather than merely by focusing on its expansion in size. To boost the productivity of the service sector, we need to …

analysis also focuses on the relationship between EPL and labor productivity to evaluate the effect of employment protection on … diminishes wage gap among the regular workers. Third, EPL for regular workers improves the labor productivity growth rate until … excessive and under employment protection can negatively affect the labor productivity. Finally, further research should be …

sluggish growth, due mainly to a drop in total factor productivity. It suffered from the economic crisis in the 1990s, and … after 2000 the low growth pattern was maintained as productivity continued to remain sluggish amid a lower input growth rate … productivity in the wake of sanctions. We believe that the negative GDP growth rate during the so-called “Arduous March Period …